Name: 
 

6.1 Quiz


Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.  If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
 

 1. 
Two negative charges will attract one another. _________________________

 

 2. 
The smallest quantity of electric charge that can be found in ordinary matter is represented by the letter c. _________________________

 

 3. 
The majority of ordinary matter has a net charge of zero. _________________________

 

 4. 
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is known as the mass number. _________________________

 

 5. 
The tiny core of an atom containing most of the mass of the atom is the neutron. _________________________

 

 6. 
The nucleus of an atom that spontaneously breaks up to emits particles or pure energy may be called radioactive. _________________________

 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 7. 
The fundamental property of matter that may be identified as positive or negative is:
a.
magnetism.
b.
mass.
c.
electric charge.
d.
gravitational force.
 

 8. 
The scientist who suggested that atoms contain a hard core containing most of the mass of an atom was:
a.
J.J. Thompson.
b.
Ernest Rutherford.
c.
Hans Geiger.
d.
Ernest Marsdan.
 

 9. 
A particle with zero charge found in the nucleus of an atom is called a(n):
a.
electron.
b.
proton.
c.
neutron.
d.
positron
 

 10. 
The charge on a proton is:
a.
+1e
b.
+2e
c.
-1e
d.
zero
 

 11. 
The mass of an electron is about:
a.
1800 times heavier than a proton.
b.
1800 times lighter than a proton.
c.
10,000 times heavier than a proton.
d.
10,000 times lighter than a proton.
 

 12. 
Protons in the nucleus of an atom are held together by:
a.
electromagnetic force.
b.
gravitational force.
c.
strong nuclear force.
d.
weak force.
 

 13. 
Electrons are held in place outside the nucleus by:
a.
electromagnetic force.
b.
gravitational force.
c.
strong nuclear force.
d.
weak force.
 

 14. 
A force which may cause a neutron to break apart forming an electron and proton is the:
a.
electromagnetic force.
b.
gravitational force.
c.
strong nuclear force.
d.
weak force
 

 15. 
The number of protons in an atom is the:
a.
atomic weight.
b.
mass number.
c.
atomic number.
d.
atomic mass
 

 16. 
The particle with about the same mass as the proton found in the nucleus is the:
a.
electron.
b.
proton.
c.
neutron.
d.
positron.
 

 17. 
An atom with the proper combination of protons and neutrons in its nucleus will not break apart spontaneously. Such an atom may be described as:
a.
radioactive.
b.
unstable.
c.
decaying.
d.
stable.
 

 18. 
Atoms of the same element whose nucleus contains different numbers of neutrons are called:
a.
isotopes.
b.
nucleotides.
c.
spectrums.
d.
isobars.
 

 19. 
The tiny core of an atom containing most of the mass of the atom and all of its positive charge is called the:
a.
proton.
b.
neutron.
c.
electron.
d.
nucleus.
 

 20. 
The scientist given credit for identifying the neutron is:
a.
J.J. Thomson.
b.
Ernest Rutherford.
c.
James Chadwick.
d.
Albert Einstein
 

 21. 
The mass of an atom is determined mainly by the:
a.
mass of the neutrons.
b.
mass of the neutrons and protons.
c.
mass of the electrons.
d.
mass of the electrons and neutrons.
 

 22. 
The letter e represents the elementary charge. In normal matter, the charge that would not be found is:
a.
+1e
b.
+2e
c.
+2.5e
d.
-2e
 

 23. 
The diagrams below, in which arrows indicate the direction of movement, represent charged particles placed near one another. The diagram that correctly represents the motion of the charged particles is:

mc023-1-61.jpg
a.
1
b.
2
c.
3
d.
4
 

 24. 
A particle containing charges of +8e and -2e will have a net charge of:
a.
+8e
b.
+6e
c.
-6e
d.
-2e
 

 25. 
Susan walks across a carpet. Her body picks up excess electrons and a charge that is:
a.
zero.
b.
positive.
c.
neutral.
d.
negative
 

 26. 
J.J. Thomson is given credit for the discovery of a particle smaller than an atom, the:
a.
negatively charged electron.
b.
positively charged proton.
c.
neutral neutron.
d.
positively charged alpha particle.
 

 27. 
A charged particle that accounts for nearly half the mass of an atom is the:
a.
electron.
b.
neutron.
c.
proton.
d.
positron.
 

 28. 
The particle found in the nucleus of all atoms is:
a.
proton.
b.
neutron.
c.
electron.
d.
positron.
 

 29. 
Of the particles listed below, the most massive is the:
a.
proton.
b.
neutron.
c.
electron.
d.
positron.
 

 30. 
Of the following statements, the one which is ALWAYS TRUE is:
a.
All lithium atoms contain the same number of protons.
b.
All lithium atoms contain the same number of neutrons.
c.
All lithium atoms have the same mass.
d.
The sum of protons plus neutrons is the same in all lithium atoms.
 

 31. 
Atoms of the same element may contain:
a.
the same number of neutrons but a different number of protons.
b.
the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
c.
a different number of protons and a different number of neutrons.
d.
the same number of electrons but a different number of protons.
 

 32. 
In a carbon atom with a mass number of 14 and an atomic number of 6, the number of protons is:
a.
6
b.
8
c.
14
d.
20
 

 33. 
In a carbon atom with a mass number of 14 and an atomic number of 6, the number of neutrons is:
a.
6
b.
8
c.
14
d.
20
 

 34. 
An atom of silicon contains 14 protons and 16 neutrons.The mass number is:
a.
2
b.
14
c.
16
d.
30
 

 35. 
Alpha decay of an atom produces all of the following decreases in the atom EXCEPT:
a.
decrease of protons by 2.
b.
decrease of neutrons by 2.
c.
decrease of atomic number by 2.
d.
decrease of mass number by 2.
 

 36. 
Beta decay in the nucleus of an atom produces all of the following changes EXCEPT:
a.
increase of protons by 1.
b.
decrease of neutrons by 1.
c.
increase in atomic number by 1.
d.
increase in mass number by 1.
 

 37. 
As Carmine combs her hair, her comb acquires electrons from her hair. The net charge on her hair becomes:
a.
positive.
b.
negative.
c.
zero.
d.
neutral.
 

 38. 
Radium-226 decays radioactively to become radon-222 by a process known as:
a.
alpha decay.
b.
beta decay.
c.
gamma decay.
d.
fission.
 

 39. 
The radioactive decay of lead-214 to become bismuth-214 occurs due to:
a.
alpha decay.
b.
beta decay.
c.
gamma decay.
d.
fission.
 

Completion
Complete each statement.
 
 
Select the correct term to complete each sentence. There are extra terms in the list.

alphabetaspectroscope
neutralchargedisotopes
268
strong nucleargravitationalweak
 

 40. 
When the total charge on an object is zero, the object is electrically ____________________.
 

 

 41. 
Atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers are described as ____________________.
 

 

 42. 
The force which holds the nucleus together is the _________________________ force.
 

 

 43. 
The radioactive decay of an atom resulting in the decrease in the atomic number with no change in the atomic mass is ____________________ decay.
 

 

Short Answer
 

 44. 
How do electric and gravitational forces differ?
 

 45. 
Where would a particle with a charge of +e be found in an atom?
 

 46. 
A bismuth atom which contains 83 protons and 127 neutrons decays to produce an atom of polonium with a mass number of 210 and 84 protons. What type of decay does bismuth experience?
 

Problem
 

 47. 
The mass number for an isotope of oxygen is 17 and the atomic number is 8. How many neutrons are present in this isotope of oxygen?
 

 48. 
The diagram below represents the charge distribution of positive and negative charges in a body.

pr048-1.jpg

What is the overall (net) charge on the object as it is pictured?
 

 49. 
Uranium, with 92 protons and 146 neutrons, undergoes alpha decay and becomes thorium. How many protons and neutrons are present in the isotope of thorium produced by this decay?
 

 50. 
A lead atom, with 82 protons and 128 neutrons, decays to produce an atom of bismuth with a mass number of 210. How many neutrons are in the nucleus of the isotope of bismuth produced?
 

Essay
 

 51. 
Describe the difference between an electron and a proton. In your description tell (1) where each is found in the nucleus (2) the charge, if any, on each and (3) how their masses compare.
 

 52. 
How is the atom of one element different from the atom of another element?
 

 53. 
Describe how two neutral objects may become positively and negatively charged.
 



 
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